We present NusaCrowd, a collaborative initiative to collect and unite existing resources for Indonesian languages, including opening access to previously non-public resources. Through this initiative, we have has brought together 137 datasets and 117 standardized data loaders. The quality of the datasets has been assessed manually and automatically, and their effectiveness has been demonstrated in multiple experiments. NusaCrowd's data collection enables the creation of the first zero-shot benchmarks for natural language understanding and generation in Indonesian and its local languages. Furthermore, NusaCrowd brings the creation of the first multilingual automatic speech recognition benchmark in Indonesian and its local languages. Our work is intended to help advance natural language processing research in under-represented languages.

专为单药加固学习（RL）设计的算法通常无法在两人零和零和游戏中收敛到平衡。相反，在2P0S游戏中近似NASH和量子响应平衡（QRE）的游戏理论算法通常对RL竞争，并且很难扩展。结果，这两种情况的算法通常是分别开发和评估的。在这项工作中，我们表明，单个算法是一种近端正则化的镜像下降的简单扩展，我们称之为磁性镜下降（MMD） - 尽管它们的基本差异都可以在两种情况下产生强大的结果。从理论的角度来看，我们证明了MMD在广泛的游戏中线性收敛到QRE-这是第一阶求解器首次证明线性收敛。此外，我们通过自我播放作为表格NASH均衡求解器应用，我们从经验上表明，MMD在正常形式和广泛的形式游戏中都具有全反馈（这是标准RL算法首次完成），在正常形式和广泛的形式游戏中产生竞争性竞争因此）以及MMD在黑盒反馈设置中经验收敛。此外，对于单人Deep RL，在一小部分Atari和Mujoco游戏中，我们表明MMD可以与PPO的结果竞争。最后，对于多代理Deep RL，我们显示MMD可以在3x3突然的黑暗中胜过NFSP。

语言模型既展示了定量的改进，又展示了新的定性功能，随着规模的增加。尽管它们具有潜在的变革性影响，但这些新能力的特征却很差。为了为未来的研究提供信息，为破坏性的新模型能力做准备，并改善社会有害的效果，至关重要的是，我们必须了解目前和近乎未来的能力和语言模型的局限性。为了应对这一挑战，我们介绍了超越模仿游戏基准（Big Bench）。 Big Bench目前由204个任务组成，由132家机构的442位作者贡献。任务主题是多样的，从语言学，儿童发展，数学，常识性推理，生物学，物理学，社会偏见，软件开发等等。 Big-Bench专注于被认为超出当前语言模型的功能的任务。我们评估了OpenAI的GPT型号，Google内部密集变压器体系结构和大型基础上的开关稀疏变压器的行为，跨越了数百万到数十亿个参数。此外，一个人类专家评估者团队执行了所有任务，以提供强大的基准。研究结果包括：模型性能和校准都随规模改善，但绝对的术语（以及与评估者的性能相比）；在模型类中的性能非常相似，尽管带有稀疏性。逐渐和预测的任务通常涉及大量知识或记忆成分，而在临界规模上表现出“突破性”行为的任务通常涉及多个步骤或组成部分或脆性指标；社交偏见通常会随着含糊不清的环境而随着规模而增加，但这可以通过提示来改善。

数据增强是自然语言处理（NLP）模型的鲁棒性评估的重要组成部分，以及增强他们培训的数据的多样性。在本文中，我们呈现NL-Cogmenter，这是一种新的参与式Python的自然语言增强框架，它支持创建两个转换（对数据的修改）和过滤器（根据特定功能的数据拆分）。我们描述了框架和初始的117个变换和23个过滤器，用于各种自然语言任务。我们通过使用其几个转换来分析流行自然语言模型的鲁棒性来证明NL-Upmenter的功效。基础架构，Datacards和稳健性分析结果在NL-Augmenter存储库上公开可用（\ url {https://github.com/gem-benchmark/nl-augmenter}）。

测量机器人系统的整体自主评分需要一组相关方面和系统的组合，这些方面和特征可以以不同的单位，定性和/或不和谐测量。在本文中，我们建立了现有的非语境自治框架，以衡量并结合系统的自主水平和系统的组件性能，作为整体自治分数。我们检查一些组合功能的方法，显示一些方法如何找到相同数据的不同排名，并且我们使用加权产品方法来解决此问题。此外，我们介绍了非语境自治坐标，并表示具有自主距离的系统的整体自主权。我们将我们的方法应用于一组七个无人驾驶空中系统（UAS），并获得绝对的自主评分以及与最佳系统相对得分。

安全分析师在调查攻击，新兴的网络威胁或最近发现的漏洞后准备威胁分析。关于恶意软件攻击和广告系列的威胁情报在博客文章，报告，分析和推文上分享，并具有不同的技术细节。其他安全分析师使用这种情报来告知他们新兴威胁，妥协指标，攻击方法和预防措施。它统称为威胁智能，通常是一种非结构化格式，因此，无缝集成到现有的IDPS系统中，具有挑战性。在本文中，我们提出了一个汇总并结合CTI的框架 - 公开可用的网络威胁智能信息。使用知识图以结构化的格式提取并存储该信息，以便可以与其他安全分析师进行大规模保留威胁智能的语义。我们建议第一个半监督的开源知识图（KG）框架Tinker捕获网络威胁信息及其上下文。在修补匠之后，我们生成一个网络智能知识图（CTI-KG）。我们使用不同的用例及其应用于安全分析师的应用来证明CTI-KG的功效。

Pennylane是用于量子计算机可区分编程的Python 3软件框架。该库为近期量子计算设备提供了统一的体系结构，支持量子和连续变化的范例。 Pennylane的核心特征是能够以与经典技术（例如反向传播）兼容的方式来计算变异量子电路的梯度。因此，Pennylane扩展了在优化和机器学习中常见的自动分化算法，以包括量子和混合计算。插件系统使该框架与任何基于门的量子模拟器或硬件兼容。我们为硬件提供商提供插件，包括Xanadu Cloud，Amazon Braket和IBM Quantum，允许Pennylane优化在公开访问的量子设备上运行。在古典方面，Pennylane与加速的机器学习库（例如Tensorflow，Pytorch，Jax和Autograd）接口。 Pennylane可用于优化变分的量子本素体，量子近似优化，量子机学习模型和许多其他应用。

Robotic teleoperation is a key technology for a wide variety of applications. It allows sending robots instead of humans in remote, possibly dangerous locations while still using the human brain with its enormous knowledge and creativity, especially for solving unexpected problems. A main challenge in teleoperation consists of providing enough feedback to the human operator for situation awareness and thus create full immersion, as well as offering the operator suitable control interfaces to achieve efficient and robust task fulfillment. We present a bimanual telemanipulation system consisting of an anthropomorphic avatar robot and an operator station providing force and haptic feedback to the human operator. The avatar arms are controlled in Cartesian space with a direct mapping of the operator movements. The measured forces and torques on the avatar side are haptically displayed to the operator. We developed a predictive avatar model for limit avoidance which runs on the operator side, ensuring low latency. The system was successfully evaluated during the ANA Avatar XPRIZE competition semifinals. In addition, we performed in lab experiments and carried out a small user study with mostly untrained operators.

The purpose of this work was to tackle practical issues which arise when using a tendon-driven robotic manipulator with a long, passive, flexible proximal section in medical applications. A separable robot which overcomes difficulties in actuation and sterilization is introduced, in which the body containing the electronics is reusable and the remainder is disposable. A control input which resolves the redundancy in the kinematics and a physical interpretation of this redundancy are provided. The effect of a static change in the proximal section angle on bending angle error was explored under four testing conditions for a sinusoidal input. Bending angle error increased for increasing proximal section angle for all testing conditions with an average error reduction of 41.48% for retension, 4.28% for hysteresis, and 52.35% for re-tension + hysteresis compensation relative to the baseline case. Two major sources of error in tracking the bending angle were identified: time delay from hysteresis and DC offset from the proximal section angle. Examination of these error sources revealed that the simple hysteresis compensation was most effective for removing time delay and re-tension compensation for removing DC offset, which was the primary source of increasing error. The re-tension compensation was also tested for dynamic changes in the proximal section and reduced error in the final configuration of the tip by 89.14% relative to the baseline case.

Learning enabled autonomous systems provide increased capabilities compared to traditional systems. However, the complexity of and probabilistic nature in the underlying methods enabling such capabilities present challenges for current systems engineering processes for assurance, and test, evaluation, verification, and validation (TEVV). This paper provides a preliminary attempt to map recently developed technical approaches in the assurance and TEVV of learning enabled autonomous systems (LEAS) literature to a traditional systems engineering v-model. This mapping categorizes such techniques into three main approaches: development, acquisition, and sustainment. We review the latest techniques to develop safe, reliable, and resilient learning enabled autonomous systems, without recommending radical and impractical changes to existing systems engineering processes. By performing this mapping, we seek to assist acquisition professionals by (i) informing comprehensive test and evaluation planning, and (ii) objectively communicating risk to leaders.